Scottish Rite Freemasonry and esoteric philosophy
1809 – 1891
Albert Pike was an American lawyer, poet, and Confederate general who served as Sovereign Grand Commander of the Scottish Rite's Southern Jurisdiction from 1859 until his death, completely rewriting its rituals and degrees. His monumental Morals and Dogma of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite (1871) synthesized Neoplatonism, Kabbalah, Hermeticism, and comparative religion into a comprehensive esoteric framework, and remains the most cited esoteric Masonic text in the English language. His work made the Scottish Rite the vehicle for an ambitious synthesis of Western occult philosophy with institutional Freemasonry.
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